Population Growth Pressures On World Resources - 2366 Words

Name: Maulik Sanghvi (500394039) Instructor: Valentina Capurri Course: GEO 702 Date: November 5, 2014 Population growth pressures on world resources Introduction Not everyone admits that the world is getting overpopulated each day. The truth is that; there are real issues that are contributing to the expansion of population, one being food supplies. The World Resources Institute asserts that, by 2050, the population will have gone up by 34%. It means that, there will be an addition of 2.3 billion people on earth. The datum that the population world-wide was 2.5 billion in 1950, the assertion posts a great danger a head since the earth is only one. Therefore, this paper will discuss the growth pressures that exist on world resources as well as its significance and steps that ought to be taken to control it. It is intuitive and obvious that, the more people are, the more resources are required in meeting the needs of the people. More energy is also required. Even though most of the countries are still growing, the relationship between the two aspects is not linear. For instance, between 1990 and 2005, the population in China rose to about 15% yet the energy usage, on the other end, almost doubled (Weddell 23). Today, China is the most populated country. Although, research shows that, India is coming up too with a high population. Assertions are that, by 2028, India will overtake China (Weddell 25). The fact that more people are demanding more resources everyday poses a realShow MoreRelatedPopulation Growth Pressures On World Resources2266 Words   |  10 PagesPopulation growth pressures on world resources: How significant it is and steps we need to take to control it The world’s population is expected to grow from 7 billion today to 10 billion people by 2050. It’s growing, and it’s growing exponentially. But the world we live in is not getting any bigger. We will have the same amount of space we have today in 2050. However, will we have the same amount of resources? Many believe the world is already over its carrying capacity. So in this scenario howRead MoreEssay about Can the World Sustain an Increasing Population?925 Words   |  4 PagesCountries in the world hold different attitudes to the population policy, some of them tend to delay the increase of population while others introduce policies to encourage childbirth. After centuries of continual growth, which started at the first industrial revolution, the global population reached over 7 billion individuals in 2013. Research by Ezeh, Bongaarts and Mberu (2012) states that increasing population is a threat to individuals and societies by bring problems based on unsatisf ied demandRead More Overpopulation Essay582 Words   |  3 Pagescan possibly maintain over a long period of time. Non-renewable resources are being used at an incredible rate, and we are destroying the capability of the planetary ecosystem to renew the supply of renewable resources. The worse however is yet to come. We need to realize the necessity of a population plan which will make our future more optimistic. This plan must be based on the fact that the control of the rapid population growth is necessary globally; otherwise, earth’s environment will be putRead MoreEconomic Growth and the Environment1594 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic Growth and Environment Introduction Economic growth and the use of environmental resources go hand in hand. No country or economy will be able to sustain economic growth without using the natural resources available in the environment. The constant need for resources is the fuel for economic growth and any country going through a heightened level of economic activity tends to use more resources from the environment. Relationship between economic growth and environment The relationshipRead MorePopulation Growth and Economic Development1152 Words   |  5 PagesDO LARGE POPULATION A KEY TO ECONOMIC PROGRESS Introduction: Thomas Malthus in his published book â€Å"An Essay on the Principle of Population† claimed that there is a tendency for the population growth rate to surpass the production growth rate because population increases at a geometrical rate while production increases at an arithmetic rate. Thus, the unfettered population growth in a country could plunge it into acute poverty. However, the pessimist view has proven unfounded for developed economiesRead MoreThe Human Landscape Of Canada1330 Words   |  6 Pages Human Landscape Population growth in British Columbia is among the fastest in all of Canada (British Colombia Environmental Reporting BC, 2016). The current population for B.C. is around 4.4 million people, which is 13% of Canadas total population (Mandres, 2016). B.C. is a growing population with an average of 4.8 people per square Km. 60% of the population is located in the South-Western part of the province. This is known as the Georgia Straight Region. This highly populated area can be seenRead MoreAnalyzing The Issues Of World Overpopulation1413 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyzing the issues of world overpopulation The current population on Earth is around 7 billion people, statistics show that by 2050 the world will reach to about 8 – 11 billion people. If we look back on the progression of the world and its increase in population you will currently find that the world population is growing rapidly, this leads to the fearful effect of overpopulation. Overpopulation is the number of the existing human population that exceeds the capacity of the Earth. ProgressivelyRead MoreIntroduction. 1.1 Background. The Sustainable Use Of Natural1373 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of natural resources has emerged as big issue in the contemporary world. The importance of sustainable use of natural resources has increased because of its relationship with world food security and healthy environment. These days the water and land ecosystems are being degraded at an alarming rate (Hannam, 2003 cited in Teketel, 2009). Natural resources, agriculture and human activities are interrelated in developing countries. The human population uses these natural resources for their livelihoodsRead MorePopulation Growth Is A Crisis Or Not?1273 Words   |  6 PagesPopulation growth is a great concern of some scientists and this topic has been debating for decades. Increasing of population has been put pressuring on natural resources because of demands of production and consumption are high. According to the BBC horizon documentary (2009), number of current population is about seven billion, seven times more than the last 10,000 years. One main factor of rapid population growth is eliminating from infected diseases. In the last 10,000 years people had a hugeRead MoreThe Problem Of Expanding Population Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pagesexpanding population is one both of wonder and catastrophe, as civilizations have risen and fallen throughout time. Collapse (Diamond) touches on this concept of population growth (or change) often, especially because a civilization is, after all, nothing without its popul ation. Using Collapse, we can quickly start to analyze what a growing population entails. Early on, Diamond touches upon the implications of an expanding population. When a civilization starts to have a high rate of growth, they must

Wrap It Before You Tap It - 695 Words

Out of all first world which would you suspect teen pregnancy be the highest? Of course not our prefect country, but yet surprisingly it is. The United States has 305,388 teenagers’ ages fifteen to nineteen give live births a year. That is about 29.4 births per one thousand female teens population (â€Å"Teen Birth†). Leann came from an extremely strict home. She was only seventeen when she came home and had to tell her parents she had messed up and was going to be expecting a baby. After telling her parents her mother even kicked her out of the house and told her she was never welcomed back hone. She had been dating a guy at school for six months. They broke up and she found out she was pregnant. Leann was alone and afraid. She finally called the baby daddy and he was so happy and told her he was going to be there every step of the way. They got back together. LeAnn’s mom soon got over the fact she was going to be a grandmother and accepted it (LeAnn). If con doms would have been offered at her school do you think LeAnn’s story would even exist? The distribution of condoms in school can be a sensitive action for some. Offering condoms in high schools across American is an idea that some people are completely opposed to for many reasons. Some say schools should be teaching against underage sexual activity. Also, it is supporting them to engage in intercourse, it is encouraging risky behavior. Citizens say schools should support abstinence. Taxpayers in American do not want toShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Iphone App Store Not Working1024 Words   |  5 Pagessomething really strange happened. The screen went white and App Store did not load. I tried again but the same problem persisted. What should I do?† This is a typical situation of iPhone App Store not working. If you also see iPhone App Store loading forever, then this article will help you understand why App Store does not work properly and the screen goes blank on opening it. Read on and find out more about the probable causes behind iPhone’s Apps Store not working. Firstly, there could be minorRead MoreI ve Written Before About My Younger Sister971 Words   |  4 PagesI’ve written before about my younger sister, Kathryn Mary, who was born on September 13, 1972. Within a couple of days of her birth, her doctors discovered that she had Down syndrome and a heart defect that was going to eventually need to be corrected with open heart surgery. Unfortunately, Kathryn never got to a point where she had enough strength and stamina to withstand a surgery. She was so weak that she was never able to turn herself over or crawl on the floor. She gained very little weightRead MoreEssay On Sorcery To Lift A Curse854 Words   |  4 PagesBut, Bottoms Up Gastropub and Tap founder, Mike Muniz may have reversed this hex. Tucked away on an aggressively average block in the Turtle Crossing Shopping Plaza, a wall of black glass begs for your attention†¦and a lighted sign. Open the door and descend into a cozily masculine-meets-industrial room. Muniz transformed this location’s everchanging dà ©cor with the warmth of natural woods, dark colors, dim lighting and a wrap-around bar lined with a bottoms up beer tap system. Don’t know what thatRead MoreThe Temperature Changing And The Water Melting1034 Words   |  5 PagesIndependent variable the independent variable for the experiment is the temperature changing and the water melting. The dependent variable the dependent variable for the Controlled variable is the box, and the temperature of the hot water before it is going to be placed in the lunchbox and the size of each lunchbox. Problem For me enjoying a perfect lunch is to have a perfect meal. All, meals need to be either cooled or heated. Without it, many people can’t enjoy food like they do at homeRead MoreThe Ultimate Fighting Championship1542 Words   |  7 Pagesworld today. Compared to other sports, fighters in the UFC are much better conditioned. It is even a commonly stated argument that these fighters are number one in the world of athletes when it comes to conditioning. To fight in the UFC you must be well versed in all combat sports. That is how the name for the actual brand of fighting got its name, mixed martial arts (MMA). All of the sports are combined in a fighters repertoire. A list of those would include boxing and kickboxingRead MoreBetween the Bookshelves 1210 Words   |  5 PagesI just feel lost. You see, this is a strange city. Especially if you come from a small town in Mid-West America. But here I am, standing in front of Shakespeare and Company Paris, France. I stand on the street in the icy fog, hands trembling and teeth chattering. Overhead the sky opens up, letting loose a chilling drizzle which interrupts my thoughts. It’s now or never. My heart pounds against my chest as I take two swift strides towards the door. Before my fingers wrap around the door knobRead MoreThe Importance Of Wearing Retainers After Treatment1010 Words   |  5 Pagescommon version of retainers. Retainers are made from an impression combination of wires and acrylic material to fit comfortably inside your mouth while holding snugly to your teeth. This is a removable apparatus and, depending on your preference, you can choose from a variety of colors. The Essix Retainer: This type of retainer is clear and it fits over all of your teeth. Your individual retainer is formed from an impression of your teeth and it does not contain any wires or other metals. ItRead MorePublic Speaking - 10-Minute Informative Speech on Making a Pizza Dough1208 Words   |  5 PagesInformative speech – Demonstration How to make a pizza dough I know you had a chance to eat it. I’m even confident you had a chance at least once to arrange the toppings on one for yourself. But how about making an entire pizza right from the scratch? Yes, that includes the pizza dough - the very soul of every pizza! Now, how can I motivate you to consider this instruction of making a pizza dough as something you may actually put to use sometimes? I know this doesn’t really fit nicelyRead MoreShort Story Of Steinbecks Life1174 Words   |  5 Pageswhen theres something wrong with you. So what is it Kas? I sighed and asked Can we talk alone for later? He nodded and I walked to class and Patrick caught up with the gang. I sat in class when Gretta walked into the class and I saw her look right at me and walked over Hey Slut havent seen you in a while. I thought you were dead. Your mistake I guess. I looked up at her and said The fuck is your problem Gretta?She ignored my question and asked Why arent you hanging out with all four of yourRead MoreLab 4: Enzymes1956 Words   |  8 PagesContent. Read the introduction and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answering the questions. †¢ Save your Lab 4 Answer Sheet in the following format: LastName_Lab4 (e.g., Smith_Lab4). †¢ You should submit your document as a Word (.doc or .docx) or Rich Text Format (.rtf) file for best compatibility. Pre-Lab Questions 1. How could you test to see if an enzyme was completely saturated during an experiment? 2. List three

I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Essay - 511 Words

In the autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, the main character Marguerite Johnson, is influenced by a preponderance of characters including Bailey Jr. , Momma Henderson, and Mrs. Bertha Flowers. One of the primary influences is her older brother, Bailey Jr.. Momma, or Annie Henderson, the parental grandmother, also plays an important role for Maya. Additionally, Mrs. Flowers, the black aristocrat of Stamps, saves Maya during an especially difficult time. All in all, these three characters act as important role models in the development of Marguerite through her juvenile years. First, Bailey Jr. serves as the most significant role in the protagonist’s young life. In the novel, Maya distinguishably states, â€Å" I would be the†¦show more content†¦Ritie is also amazed at how well Momma adjusts to Los Angeles after living all her life in the small town of Stamps, Arkansas. All in all, Momma plays an important role in Ritie’s up-bringing. Another powerful figure in the leading character’s life is Mrs. Bertha Flowers, who gains trust from the young lady. Mrs. Flowers was the first person to prod Maya out of her silence after being painstakingly raped. The aristocrat makes Angelou feel proud to be black under any circumstances. Mrs. Flowers loans the main character several books and assigns her the task of reading them aloud; she also requests that Angelou memorize a poem to recite it aloud. Finally, Mrs. Bertha Flowers gains the young child’s respect by making the child feel important. In conclusion, Marguerite is influenced the most by these three characters: Momma Henderson, Bailey Jr., and Mrs. Bertha Flowers. Primarily, Bailey is greatly valued because he nurtures and builds Maya’s self-esteem. Second, Momma Henderson is perceived as a mighty personage since she has raised the central character throughout most of her childhood. Finally, Mrs. Flowers fabricates the young girl independence because she makes Maya feel meaningful. All of these people supported young Maya throughout her childhood, and influenced the child’sShow MoreRelatedI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1482 Words   |  6 Pages Maya Angelou tells of her life experiences and struggles in her book â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† that gives us insight about Maya’s life as a young black girl growing up in a time of racism. The novel discusses various forms of oppression that she had to face as well cope with them. Robert A. Gross wrote an analysis for Newsw eek about the book and claimed that Angelou’s book is not only an interesting story of her own experience, but also a portrayal of a Southern black communityRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1555 Words   |  7 Pages28th of May 2014, she was an Activist, acclaimed American poet, storyteller and autobiographer. However, all her accomplishments were born out of abuse, violence, neglect and pain, that she wrote about in her autobiographical novel, I know why the caged bird sings which was published in 1969. In the book, she wrote not only about the conflicts that plagued her for much of her life but also how the role they played in her life. Particular problem areas discussed include, the difficulties she experiencedRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1445 Words   |  6 PagesPresentation I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is a self-portraying record of Maya Angelou that shows how cherish for writing and having a solid character can assume a huge part in conquering bigotry and misery. Throughout the story, it is clear that Maya changes from being a setback of bigotry to end up distinctly a young lady with self-nobility and character that helps her to conquer partiality. The setting of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings concentrates on the issues connected with bigotry thatRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings948 Words   |  4 PagesAngelou is a poet and award-winning author known for her acclaimed memoir I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and her many poetry and essay collections. So many things happen to Maya Angelou but she was amazing and a brave woman too not everyone would be same after what happen to her. Maya Angelou has become the most amazing singer, dancer, actress, poet and writer she is even an author of autobiography â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Singsâ₠¬  a book that tells the things that setback and helped Maya to be who sheRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1126 Words   |  5 PagesMaya Angelou was a gifted woman with one of the greatest voices of African American literature. Previously known as Marguerite Johnson, she was one of the most important women of our time. She was best known for her autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Not only was Maya Angelou able to overcome all the racial discriminations and interferences that she endured growing up, she was also able to prove to many people what a successful African American author and activist she was. She was a womanRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings2695 Words   |  11 Pages I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings According to Willard Scott, â€Å"Positive Feelings come from being honest about yourself and accepting your personality, and physical characteristics, warts and all; and, from belonging to a family that accepts you without question.† Maya Angelou illustrates this in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, an autobiography on herself. It illustrates Maya Angelou’s struggles of accepting herself because of some cruel experiences in her life. Maya was an African American girlRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pagesministry. She wrought a best-selling auto biography â€Å"I know why the caged bird sings†. Trough-out her legacy she continuously created poems promoting civil rights from her personal and social views. â€Å"still I rise â€Å"is one of her earlier working but is still consider one of the greatest poems on discussing the social views at the time of tis publishing and still hold value to todays current events. This text wil l be Analysing the poem â€Å"still I rise† But first discussing the experiences that Maya AngelouRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings2495 Words   |  10 PagesIn the memoir, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Maya Angelou presents the theme: coming of age. This theme is shown throughout the book many times, especially when something big happens to her, changing the way that she reacts to things and the way that she sees things. Another way that this theme is shown throughout the book is the way that she words things in the beginning, vs the way that she words things in the end. The change in her writing style and her language shows this. Not only was sheRead MoreEssay on I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1319 Words   |  6 Pagesstreet cars 5) Key Statements About the Character amp;nbsp;a) â€Å"Ritie, don’t worry ‘cause you ain’t pretty. Plenty of pretty women I seen digging ditches or worse. You smart. I swear to God, I rather you have a good mind than a cute behind.† (p.56) amp;nbsp;b) â€Å"In those moments I decided that although Baily loved me he couldn’t help. †¦ I knew that because I loved him so much I could never hurt him† (p. 73) 6) Key Actions amp;nbsp;a) Father comes to Stamps and takes them to their mother amp;nbsp;b) MovesRead MoreEssay on I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings1048 Words   |  5 Pagescontribute to the way she grows up and the person she becomes. Despite some of her tragic circumstances, she learns a lot growing up, mainly because of the African-American women in her life who teach her all different life lessons. In I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Marguerite gets to absorb teachings from her mother (Vivian), Mrs. Bertha Flowers, and her grandmother (Momma). These women allow Marguerite to learn and grow as an African-American female, all while paving her own way. Marguerite

Rape And Burglary As A Post Incarceration Supervision

and burglary as strikes for purposes of imposing a life sentence without parole (Sutton, 2013). Mandatory minimums take away the discretion of the judge in sentencing. These officials are bound by statute to place offenders behind bars. Because these statutes are put into place, the judge is not allowed to hand down alternative punishments, nor do they give them the opportunity to prescribe treatment or a change to rehabilitate. Such laws also hold racial discriminatory factors (USSC, 2011). Determinate sentences are those in which the offender is given a fixed term that might be reduced based on good behavior or earned time. There is usually underlying expectations on the amount of punishment and a set release date with no review by†¦show more content†¦Sentencing guidelines are a mechanism used to apply determinate sentencing. They are a set of standards that are put in place to establish rational and consistent sentencing methods. These are set for cases that were tried because of racial disparities and biases in the courts. They are set in particular jurisdictions. These guidelines were put in place to limit the discretion of the judicial system and limit the disparities that are present in the courts as well as to promote more rational and informed sentencing policies. In addition, these guidelines are a system of recommended sentences that are based upon offender and offence characteristics. Offense characteristics are rules that set the standards for the seriousness of the offense in most sentence guidelines. This classification is typically based on how the crime is seen by legislatures. It is not determined on how the offender committed a certain crime. For example, theft that occurred on an unoccupied building would be categorized as less serious than assault with a weapon. The characteristics of an offender are things that are unique to the individual. These could be things such as the number and type of past offenses whether they are felonies, misdemeanors, or juvenile delinquencies. In other instances, they can be whether an offender was under a custody status at the time of the offense (Frase Mitchell, 2016). The characteristics of both of these entities are then placed on a

Standard Flowchart Symbols and Their Usage Essay Sample free essay sample

Flow charts are the ideal diagrams for visually stand foring concern procedures. For illustration. if you need to demo the flow of a custom-order procedure through assorted sections within your organisation. you can utilize a flow chart. This paper provides a ocular representation of basic flow chart symbols and their proposed usage in pass oning the construction of a well-developed web site. every bit good as their correlativity in developing online instructional undertakings. A typical flow chart from older Computer Science text edition may hold the undermentioned sorts of symbols: * Start and terminal symbols. represented as lozenges. ellipses or rounded rectangles. normally incorporating the word â€Å"Start† or â€Å"End† . or another phrase signaling the start or terminal of a procedure. such as â€Å"submit enquiry† or â€Å"receive product† . * Arrows. demoing what’s called â€Å"flow of control† in computing machine scientific discip line. An pointer coming from one symbol and stoping at another symbol signifies flow base on ballss to the symbol the pointer points to. * Processing stairss. represented as rectangles. Examples: â€Å"Add 1 to X† ; â€Å"replace identified part† ; â€Å"save changes† or similar. * Input/Output. represented as a parallelogram. Examples: Get Ten from the user ; show X. * Conditional ( or determination ) . represented as a diamond ( diamond ) . These typically contain a Yes/No inquiry or True/False trial. This symbol is alone in that it has two pointers coming out of it. normally from the bottom point and right point. one matching to Yes or True. and one corresponding to No or False. The pointers should ever be labeled. More than two pointers can be used. but this is usually a clear index that a complex determination is being taken. in which instance it may necessitate to be bedraggled farther. or replaced with the â€Å"pre-defined process† symbol. * A figure of other symbols that have less cosmopolitan currency. such as: * A Document represented as a rectangle with a wavy base ; * A Manual input represented by a rectangle. with the top irregularly inclining up from left to compensate. An illustration would be to mean data-entry from a signifier ; * A Manual operation represented by a trapezoid with the longest parallel side upmost. to stand for an operation or accommodation to treat that can merely be made manually. * A Data File represented by a cylinder Flow charts may incorporate other symbols. such as connections. normally represented as circles. to stand for meeting waies in the flow chart. Circles will hold more than one pointer coming into them but merely one traveling out. Some flow charts may merely hold an arrow point to another pointer alternatively. These are utile to stand for an iterative procedure ( in Computer Science this is called a cringle ) . A cringle may. for illustration. consist of a connection where control first enters. treating stairss. a conditional with one pointer go outing the cringle. and one traveling back to the connection. Off-page connections are frequently used to mean a connexion to a ( portion of a ) procedure held on another sheet or screen. A flow chart is described as â€Å"cross-functional† when the page is divided into different â€Å"lanes† depicting the control of different organisational chart units. A symbol looking in a peculiar â€Å"lane† is within the control of that organisational unit. This technique allows the analyst to turn up the duty for executing an action or doing a determination right. leting the relationship between different organisational units with duty over a individual procedure. Standard Flowchart Symbols Flow charts use particular forms to stand for different types of actions or stairss in a procedure. Lines and arrows show the sequence of these stairss. and the relationships between them. Workflow formsWorkflow relationships are where work is done by different sections in a fixed sequence. This means that one section needs to complete its occupation before work can go on in another section. The development and care of these work flow relationships is really of import for directors because they are dependent on the predating countries for his or her ain work. and responsible to directors and workers at different phases further down the concatenation. Audit Flowchart ShapesThe follow forms is similar with the basic flow chart symbols but are specially used in the audit flow chart. The Flowchart Symbols and Their UseProcedure represents a measure in your procedure. Predefined procedure indicate a set of stairss that combine to make a sub-process that is defined elsewhere. frequently on another page of the same drawing. Decision indicates a point where the result of a determination dictates the following measure. There can be multiple results. but frequently there are merely two – yes and no. Terminal points indicates the starting and stoping points of a procedure. Data Shape Indicates that information is coming into the procedure from outside. or go forthing the procedure. Delay form Represents a waiting period where no activity is done. In Process Mapping. holds are frequently of import as they may ensue in adding to the cost of the merchandise or merely detaining its production. Database form Use this form for a measure that consequences in information being stored. Measure represents a individual measure within a procedure. and normally contains the name of a specific action. Page symbols refer to single web pages. which may or may non incorporate multiple elements. File symbols represent those informations elements that exist independently of navigational belongingss outside of that page. e. g. . audio sounds. film cartridge holders. or a portable papers file ( PDF ) . A determination point indicates a sequence in the procedure at which the terminal user chooses an option. i. e. . a â€Å"yes-no† . or â€Å"true-false† response. and so subdivisions to different parts of the flow chart. Arrows and linking lines diagram the logical patterned advance through the class. capable to the picks made at determination or action points within the procedure. The input/action symbol represents a user response that directs the class flow from that point onwards. i. e. . an on-line trial. or questionnaire signifier. Represents the pick made by the user from reciprocally sole options. e. g. . a pupil taking among different lesson programs. Conditional picker is similar to the conditional subdivision except that the user has the option to take from a figure of waies that will carry through the requested conditions. e. g. . the consequences of a hunt engine petition. Pages that portion one or more common facets. and are functionally indistinguishable may be simplified as a rounded corner rectangle. such as an online trial or feedback signifier. Notes provide helpful remarks or accounts. e. g. denoting the location where an undeveloped new page/process will suit into the navigational flow construction. or notes for specific squad members for farther development. Flow mentions and flow countries are symbols for reclaimable sequences. such as logging in with a specific user Idaho and watchword to come in the class or to originate an online quiz. The flow mention symbol acts as a proxy for the flow country sequence in the chart in every state of affairs in which it is repeated. Flow country is used as a flow country. it paperss subdivisions that portion similar components/repeated stairss within that flow. and requires the usage of the undermentioned two symbols: entry and issue points. Exit point concludes the subprogram. such as when the proper user Idaho and watchword are verified. and paperss where the user re-enters the maestro flow chart. Entry point paperss the topographic point within the maestro flow chart where the procedure deviates into a subprogram. Mention is used as a connecting point when the flow chart necessitates utilizing more than one page. or refers to a complicated subprogram that would be impossible to incorporate on the chief flow chart page. On-page mention Indicates that the following or old measure is someplace else on the flow chart. It is peculiarly utile for big flow charts. Off-page mention Use the a set of hyperlinks between two pages of a flow chart or between a sub-process form and a separate flow chart page that shows the stairss in that sub-process. Flowchart Shapes The interior decorators can snap this multi-shape to put to any of the undermentioned forms: Data. Document. Decision. or Process. Any text you type onto the form. or information you add to its Shape Data. remains with the form. Document Represents a measure that consequences in a papers. Process Flowchart Drawing Guide-linesThere is no 1 right manner to develop a flow chart. but the undermentioned guide-lines provide a general construction to follow. whether it’s of the overall class navigational procedure. or at the hand-off stage to the assorted squad members to develop more elaborate intervention. 1. Get down with a simple one-line description or rubric of the procedure being flowcharted. e. g. . â€Å"How to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2. Using a top-down hierarchy. start with a terminal symbol. calling this trigger event. e. g. . â€Å"User accesses class database†¦Ã¢â‚¬  3. Connect each consecutive action measure in the logical sequence of events. 4. Reference elaborate information through notes or connections. 5. Follow the procedure through to completion. denoted by a labelled terminal terminus symbol. e. g. . â€Å"exit class. † A well-developed functional flow chart created in the design stage can salvage hours of otiose work force clip by guarantin g the construction. sequencing and ramifying determination points in a computing machine based instructional plan. back up the class ends and aims before development. Whether you are the exclusive Godhead have oning many chapeaus. or one of many on the development squad. sharing a common ocular linguistic communication will steer the undertaking through its many loops and development stages throughout the instructional design procedure. Flow chartFrom Wikipedia. the free encyclopaediaThis article is about the diagram type. For the poetical authorship â€Å"Flow Chart† . see John Ashbery. A simple flow chart stand foring a procedure for covering with a non-functioning lamp. A flow chart is a type of diagram that representsan algorithm or procedure. demoing the stairss as boxes of assorted sorts. and their order by linking these with pointers. This diagrammatic representation can give a bit-by-bit solution to a given job. Procedure operations are represented in these boxes. and arrows linking them represent flow of control. Data flows are non typically represented in a flow chart. in contrast with informations flow diagrams ; instead. they are implied by the sequencing of operations. Flow charts are used in analysing. planing. documenting or pull offing a procedure or plan in assorted Fieldss. [ 1 ] Contentss [ hide ] * 1 Overview * 2 History * 3 Flowchart edifice blocks * 3. 1 Examples * 3. 2 Symbols * 3. 3 Data-flow extensions * 4 Types of flow chart * 5 Software * 6 See besides * 7 Notes * 8 Further reading * 9 External links| OverviewFlow charts are used in planing and documenting complex procedures or plans. Like other types of diagram. they help visualise what is traveling on and thereby assist the spectator to understand a procedure. and possibly besides find flaws. constrictions. and other less-obvious characteristics within it. There are many different types of flow charts. and each type has its ain repertory of boxes and notational conventions. The two most common types of boxes in a flow chart are: * a processing measure. normally called activity. and denoted as a rectangular box * a determination. normally denoted as a diamond. A flow chart is described as â€Å"cross-functional† when the page is divided into different swimlanes depicting the control of different organisational units. A symbol looking in a peculiar â€Å"lane† is within the control of that organisational unit. This technique allows the writer to turn up the duty for executing an action or doing a determination right. demoing the duty of each organisational unit for different parts of a individual procedure. Flow charts depict certain facets of procedures and they are normally complemented by other types of diagram. For case. Kaoru Ishikawa defined the flow chart as one of the seven basic tools of quality control. following to the histogram. Pareto chart. look into sheet. command chart. cause-and-effect diagram. and the spread diagram. Similarly. in UML. a standard concept-modeling notation used in package development. the activity diagram. which is a type of flow chart. is merely one of many different diagram types. Nassi-Shne iderman diagrams are an alternate notation for procedure flow. Common alternate names include: flow chart. procedure flow chart. functional flow chart. procedure map. procedure chart. functional procedure chart. concern procedure theoretical account. procedure theoretical account. procedure flow diagram. work flow diagram. concern flow diagram. [ edit ] HistoryThe first structured method for documenting procedure flow. the â€Å"flow procedure chart† . was introduced by Frank Gilbreth to members of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ( ASME ) in 1921 in the presentation â€Å"Process Charts—First Steps in Finding the One Best Way† . Gilbreth’s tools rapidly found their manner into industrial technology course of study. In the early 1930s. an industrial applied scientist. Allan H. Mogensen began developing concern people in the usage of some of the tools of industrial technology at his Work Simplification Conferences in Lake Placid. New York. A 1944 alumnus of Mogensen’s category. Art Spinanger. took the tools back to Procter and Gamble where he developed their Deliberate Methods Change Program. Another 1944 alumnus. Ben S. Graham. Director of Formcraft Engineering at Standard Register Industrial. adapted the flow procedure chart to information processing with his development of th e multi-flow procedure chart to expose multiple paperss and their relationships. [ 2 ] In 1947. ASME adopted a symbol set derived from Gilbreth’s original work as the ASME Standard for Process Charts. Douglas Hartree explains that Herman Goldstine and John von Neumann developed the flow chart ( originally. diagram ) to be after computing machine plans. [ 3 ] His modern-day history is endorsed by IBM applied scientists [ 4 ] and by Goldstine’s personal remembrances. [ 5 ] The original scheduling flow charts of Goldstine and von Neumann can be seen in their unpublished study. â€Å"Planning and coding of jobs for an electronic computer science instrument. Part II. Volume 1† ( 1947 ) . which is reproduced in von Neumann’s collected plants. [ 6 ] Flow charts used to be a popular agencies for depicting computing machine algorithms and are still used for this intent. [ 7 ] Modern techniques such as UML activity diagrams can be considered to be extensions of the flow chart. In the 1970s the popularity of flow charts as an ain method decreased when synergistic computing machine terminuss and third-generation scheduling linguistic communications became the common tools of the trade. since algorithms can be expressed much more briefly as beginning codification in such a linguistic communication. and besides because planing algorithms utilizing flow charts was more likely to ensue in spaghetti codification because of the demand for gotos to depict arbitrary leaps in control flow. Often pseudo-code is used. which uses the common parlances of such linguistic communications without purely adhering to the inside informations of a peculiar one. Flowchart edifice blocksExamples A simple flow chart for calculating factorial N ( N! ) Template for pulling flow charts ( late seventiess ) demoing the different symbols. A flow chart for calculating the factorial of N — written N! and equal to 1 ? 2 ? 3 ? †¦ ? N. [ edit ] SymbolsA typical flow chart from older basic computing machine scientific discipline text edition may hold the undermentioned sorts of symbols: Start and terminal symbolsRepresented as circles. ellipses or rounded rectangles. normally incorporating the word â€Å"Start† or â€Å"End† . or another phrase signaling the start or terminal of a procedure. such as â€Å"submit inquiry† or â€Å"receive product† . Arrows Showing â€Å"flow of control† . An pointer coming from one symbol and stoping at another symbol represents that control passes to the symbol the pointer points to. The line for the pointer can be solid or dashed. The significance of the pointer with dotted line may differ from one flow chart to another and can be defined in the fable. Generic treating stairss Represented as rectangles. Examples: â€Å"Add 1 to X† ; â€Å"replace identified part† ; â€Å"save changes† or similar. SubroutinesRepresented as rectangles with double-struck perpendicular borders ; these are used to demo complex processing stairss which may be detailed in a separate flow chart. Example: process-files. One subprogram may hold multiple distinguishable entry points or issue flows ( see coroutine ) ; if so. these are shown as labelled ‘wells’ in the rectangle. and control pointers connect to these ‘wells’ . Input/Output Represented as a parallelogram. Examples: Get Ten from the user ; show X. Prepare conditionalRepresented as a hexagon. Shows operations which have no consequence other than fixing a value for a subsequent conditional or determination measure ( see below ) . Conditional or determination Represented as a diamond ( diamond ) demoing where a determination is necessary. normally a Yes/No inquiry or True/False trial. The conditional symbol is peculiar in that it has two pointers coming out of it. normally from the bottom point and right point. one matching to Yes or True. and one corresponding to No or False. ( The pointers should ever be labeled. ) More than two pointers can be used. but this is usually a clear index that a complex determination is being taken. in which instance it may necessitate to be bedraggled farther or replaced with the â€Å"pre-defined process† symbol. Junction symbol By and large represented with a black blob. demoing where multiple control flows converge in a individual issue flow. A junction symbol will hold more than one pointer coming into it. but merely one traveling out. In simple instances. one may merely hold an arrow point to another pointer alternatively. These are utile to stand for an iterative procedure ( what in Computer Science is called a cringle ) . A cringle may. for illustration. consist of a connection where control first enters. treating stairss. a conditional with one pointer go outing the cringle. and one traveling back to the connection. For extra lucidity. wherever two lines by chance cross in the drawing. one of them may be drawn with a little hemicycle over the other. demoing that no junction is intended. Labeled connections Represented by an identifying label inside a circle. Labeled connections are used in complex or multi-sheet diagrams to replace for pointers. For each label. the â€Å"outflow† connection must ever be alone. but there may be any figure of â€Å"inflow† connections. In this instance. a junction in control flow is implied. Concurrency symbol Represented by a dual transverse line with any figure of entry and issue pointers. These symbols are used whenever two or more control flows must run at the same time. The issue flows are activated at the same time when all of the entry flows have reached the concurrence symbol. A concurrence symbol with a individual entry flow is a fork ; one with a individual issue flow is a articulation. It is of import to retrieve to maintain these connexions logical in order. All procedures should flux from top to bottom and left to compensate. [ edit ] Data-flow extensions A figure of symbols have been standardized for informations flow diagrams to stand for informations flow. instead than command flow. These symbols may besides be used in control flow charts ( e. g. to replace for the parallelogram symbol ) . * A Document represented as a rectangle with a wavy base ; * A Manual input represented by four-sided. with the top irregularly inclining up from left to compensate. An illustration would be to mean data-entry from a signifier ; * A Manual operation represented by a trapezoid with the longest parallel side at the top. to stand for an operation or accommodation to treat that can merely be made manually. * A Data File represented by a cylinder. Types of flow chartSterneckert ( 2003 ) suggested that flow charts can be modeled from the position of different user groups ( such as directors. system analysts and clerks ) and that there are four general types: [ 8 ] * Document flow charts. demoing controls over a document-flow through a system * Data flow charts. demoing controls over a data-flow in a system * System flowcharts demoing controls at a physical or resource degree * Program flow chart. demoing the controls in a plan within a system Notice that every type of flowchart focal points on some sort of control. instead than on the peculiar flow itself. [ 8 ] Driving to make a specific end can be modeled utilizing a flow chart. However there are several of these categorizations. For illustration Andrew Veronis ( 1978 ) named three basic types of flow charts: the system flow chart. thegeneral flow chart. and the elaborate flow chart. [ 9 ] That same twelvemonth Marilyn Bohl ( 1978 ) stated â€Å"in pattern. two sorts of flow charts are used in solution planning: system flow charts and plan flowcharts†¦Ã¢â‚¬  . [ 10 ] More late Mark A. Fryman ( 2001 ) stated that there are more differences: â€Å"Decision flow charts. logic flow charts. systems flow charts. merchandise flow charts. and procedure flow charts are merely a few of the different types of flow charts that are used in concern and government† . [ 11 ] In add-on. many diagram techniques exist that are similar to flow charts but carry a different name. such as UML activity diagrams. SoftwareAny pulling plan can be used to make flowchart diagrams. but these will hold no underlying informations theoretical account to portion informations with databases or other plans such as project direction systems or spreadsheets. Some tools offer particular support for flow chart pulling. Many package bundles exist that can make flow charts automatically. either straight from beginning codification. or from a flowchart description linguistic communication. On-line Web-based versions of such plans are available.

Cis 205 Information Systems Paper free essay sample

Information Systems Paper Scott Clark CIS 205 June 20, 2011 Robert Meyers In society today it has become increasingly necessary to effectively use technologically advanced Information systems and software applications to run an organization. In our technologically advanced and dynamic society, organizations are being pushed to use and operate updated and advanced information systems and software applications to store information, process data and effectively manage day to day operations. In this paper the subject discussed will be how a CIS (computer information systems) can help an organization, what they are, and an example of a CIS and its uses in a retail environment. Referred to as a CIS (computer information system), which include computers, software, hardware, operating systems and people, is important in managing and running an organization daily. For example, in a retail store, a CIS can manage productivity, inventory, schedules, ordering, sales, trends in sales, and products. All of these of which are extremely important in keeping a retail business running and profitable. A CIS is important to a retail store in that it can store, calculate and track all information regarding sales, customer spending habits, inventory, ordering of products, sales per department, sales versus last year, labor costs and employee productivity. All of the above-mentioned tasks can be stored and retrieved as necessary by managers and supervisors to assist them in properly staffing, handling departmental sales, stocking of departments, and running the store daily. With the amount of data and size of files that can be contained within the retail business, it would be nearly impossible to accurately sort and process these files manually. Using a good, reliable CIS, an organization can track and compile data quickly to help determine whether or not the organization is on track with its sales or headed in the right direction financially. After an organizations sales data is collected and calculated, the organization can track and assess employee productivity, inventory on hand versus sold, departmental sales goals and needs for the future. Organizations process electronic data on a daily basis worldwide. Processing of this data allows organizations to make effective and comprehensive business decisions based on this data. This data can be stored virtually anywhere and easily retrieved whenever the need arises. In my current position, retail management, my main responsibilities are sales, inventory, and ordering products, while ensuring tasks are completed and employee production is high. Sales data in my company determines allowable labor usage, and labor cost percentage which allows us to calculate employee productivity. At one time, sales figures and data were kept track of manually and they were stored at the main office. At this time my company has updated its CIS by installing two large IBM server banks that allows these figures and data to be tracked by software on a business computer. Now this data is stored at the store level and we can access the figures and data at any time just by accessing one of our many business computers. To aid in ordering and inventory, we have also upgraded to hand held computers. These computers, called Telzons, are wireless hand held computers that allow us to check prices, inventory on hand and order products just by scanning the UPC label of an item. This also used to be done manually, since upgrading, these computers have not only saved time and money, but also have far more accurate pricing and inventory counts. Since the upgrading of our CIS, not only has it improved employee productivity, inventory counts and pricing, but the upgraded touch screen registers at the front of the store work much more rapidly, are more accurate and can perform many more functions than they could in the past. The new CIS makes it easier for the cashiers to operate the registers, check out customers and allows the customer to pay and leave in a minimal amount of time. Because of the new system, the registers can now track, calculate and store customer and product information, which helps us with inventory ordering and determining customer satisfaction. Modern technology and the upgrade of my companies CIS has allowed the company to become almost fully automated. Data that used to be tracked and calculated manually is now in the hands of a fully automated system and can be tracked, stored, and calculated at the touch of a button. The main problem with the new CIS is that wireless connectability, Internet connectability and system freezes have become ongoing issues. Periodically we are unable to connect the telzons to the system or connect to the internet, and periodically the registers and system will freeze up, denying access to data and files necessary to do our jobs. This is something the company is working on and is gradually becoming better. The main improvements needed are to address the connectability issues, it is very hard to do our jobs when we can not access the system. I think to fix this issue they should have located the server banks in better areas of the store, as connectability, always somewhat of an issue, could be much better if the server banks were centrally located. As this is a new system, it is assumed there will be some issues that need to be taken care of and it is just a matter of time before they are fixed. A CIS within any organization, will not only save time and money, but creates more effective and efficient employees. Files and data are processed and calculated faster and data can easily be stored and retrieved depending on an organizations needs. My company’s current updated CIS has proven to be worth the effort, saving time and money while allowing more functions and features to be available to employees allowing them to work more productively. Although there are some issues that come along with a new CIS, those generally will be worked out over time. A good, reliable CIS in any organization will prove to be time and money saving along with being extremely cost-effective over time. Information Systems Paper

Corporate Finance Capital and Funding

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Finance Capital and Funding. Answer: Introduction The corporate finance is defined as a particular area of finance that deals with the funding source and the capital structure of the organization and the activities that the managers take for enhancing the value of the business to the shareholders (Brealey et al. 2012). In addition to this, the corporate finance is used as the instrument that helps in analyzing and allocating the financial resources (Damodaran 2016). Therefore, the consulting firms generally provide the financial advice by using the concepts of corporate finance. In this assignment, the organization named National Australia Bank has been selected in order to provide financial advice regarding the financial condition and financial position of the firm in the current competitive market. In order to provide financial service to the firm, the background of the particular firm, its current financial standing including the information regarding its share value, market value and debt to profit ratio have been analyzed. In addition to these, the most recent capital raising activity like debt financing and equity financing have also been studied in detail. Lastly, depending on the financial strategy of the particular organization, the methods of raising the company funds have also be analyzed and accordingly advice has been provided to National Australia Bank regarding raising funds and its financial position in the market. Company Background The organization National Australia Bank is a public company that is enlisted in the Australian Stock Exchange as NAB. The particular firm belongs to the banking and financial services sector that was founded in the year 1982 as National Commercial Banking Corporation of Australia Limited (Capital.nab.com.au 2016). The specified firm is headquartered at Melbourne in Australia and serves across Australia, Asia and New Zealand. Andrew Thorburn is the CEO of the organization, whereas, Kenneth R Henry AC is the Chairman of the firm. The main products served by the firm National Australia Bank include Business banking, Wholesale banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth management insurance. As per the annual report of the firm for the year 2015, the revenue was A$ 20.176 billion, the net income was A$ 6.357 billion and the total assets were around A$ 945.0 billion (Capital.nab.com.au 2016). On the other hand, as per the year 2016, the total numbers of employees are 35,063 (Capital.nab.com.au 2016). It has been found that the particular firm is considered as one of the four largest monetary institutions of the country based on its market capitalization and consumers. In the year 2014, National Australia Bank was ranked 21st largest bank across the world based on its market capitalization and was ranked 41st largest bank across the world based on its total assets (Capital.nab.com.au 2016). The particular firm has a total of 1590 service centers and branches and about 4412 ATMs throughout Australia, Asia and New Zealand that provides services to around 12.7 million clients (Capital.nab.com.au 2016). Current Financial Condition of National Australia Bank The analysis of the financial condition of a firm helps an analyst to understand the present situation of the firm and also helps to estimate its future (Coles, Lemmon and Meschke 2012). Depending on the historical performance and the present financial condition of the firm, the future can be predicted and analyzed. Based on this analysis, a company should invest in long term or short term goal accordingly. Moreover, this financial analysis will also help the firm to proof its stability regarding both its financial and economical status (Roberts and Whited 2012). Additionally, a positive result of the analysis will also help the firm to attract more investors. Therefore, in order to better understand the present financial condition of the organization National Australia Bank, its market value, share value and debt to profit ratio have been analyzed. The market value is also known as market capitalization of a publicly traded organization. It is generally attained by the multiplication of the number of outstanding stocks with the present price of the share. The market value of an organization acts as a good indicator of the perception of the investors regarding the prospects of the business. The higher market value implies the firm has a greater valuation. It has been found that the market capitalization for the organization National Australia Bank is AUD 71.151 billion (Bloomberg.com 2016). This implies that the particular firm has a higher valuation in the present market. On the other hand, from a detailed historical study, it can be said that the share price of the firm National Australia Bank remained constant for a whole year that is from September 2015 till today (September 2016). During September 2015, the share price was around AUD 26.17 then it started to increase constantly till December, 2015 and reached to AUD 27.72 (In.finance.yahoo.com 2016). However, the stock price decreased certainly to 25.39 in January 2016, but it again started to increase spontaneously and as per today, the stock price of the particular firm is AUD 26.78 (In.finance.yahoo.com 2016). From this, it can be said that the financial condition of the firm is constant and due to its both economical and financial constancy, more investors will put their fund and invest in this firm National Australia Bank for earning a more return. In other words, it can also be said that due to its constantly increasing share price, the valuation of the firm also enriches with the passage of time. Generally, the debt to profit ratio indicates the amount of debt of a firm in respect to its profit percentage. Thus, it can be said that the lower the ratio will be it is better for the firm. However, for the banking sector, the debt to profit ratio is comparatively more than the other industries. It is about 3.1, but for the firm National Australia Bank, this ratio is equivalent to 2.62 (Markets.ft.com 2016). This implies that the particular firm has a better financial condition than any other banks in the present competitive market. Recent Capital Raising Activity It is an essential factor for every firm to raise or increase its capital, as it is the key element that helps the business to operate and regulate successfully. There are various activities that help an organization to raise its capital, however, the most useful activities include equity financing and debt financing. Therefore, it has been found that the firm National Australia Bank also implements this method for raising its capital. It has been found that the particular firm has implemented both the methods. Thus, the total liabilities of the organization increased from $ 48197 million in the year 2014 to $ 55217 million in the year 2015 (Nab.com.au 2016). Moreover, from detailed analysis, it can be said that firms deposits and other borrowings have certainly increased from $ 374538 million in the year 2014 to $ 391785 million in the year 2015 (Nab.com.au 2016). This indicates that National Australia Bank has opted for debt financing. Additionally, it has been found that the equi ty of the firm has also increased from $ 48197 million in 2014 to $ 55217 million in the year 2015 (Nab.com.au 2016). Moreover, the contributed equity of National Australia Bank has certainly increased from $ 27856 million to $ 34407 million in the year 2015 (Nab.com.au 2016). From this it can be said that National Australia Bank also implements the equity financing. Financial Strategy of National Australia Bank It has been found that there are various financial strategies that most of the banks use in order to raise the funds of the particular organization. These include raising venture and growth capital, merger and acquisition, divestitures, buyouts by the financial sponsors, spin-offs, private placements and distressed debt (Flannery and Hankins 2013). The other financial strategies include mezzanine financings, capital restructuring, buy outs, right issues, debentures and structured investment and convertible products. However, it has been found that the specified firm National Australia Bank implements the following financial strategies including trading derivatives, financial liabilities at fair value, hedging strategies, demerger, acquisitions, divestments, raising venture, financial sponsors, debentures and convertible products (Nab.com.au 2016). Thus, it can be said that by implementing all these financial strategies within the firm National Australia Bank, the organization can maximize the value of its shareholders. This also characterizes the performance of the firm and determines the ways to raise its operating funds by increasing the return on investments (Vernimmen et al. 2014). On the other hand, the financial strategies analysis helps the business to draw a clear picture regarding the goals and objectives of the organization. This also helps to identify the targets of the organization and helps to keep focus on the profitability of the firm. However, the focus of the monetary strategies guides to understand the sales margin of the firm that is expressed in terms of percentages of profit. The increased amount of profit helps the particular firm to earn more shareholders as the valuation of the company increases (Waegelein and Finance 2014). All these help to increase the market capitalization of the firm and therefore, it can be said that the implementation of the financial strategies in the overall operations of the firm help to enhance its operations. Moreover, the increased valuation also helps the specified firm National Australia Bank to run better in the competitive market as the high value of the firm helps to assess the possibility of success and re al outcomes. Furthermore, the incorporation of the financial strategies in the firm helps to reduce the overall costs by eliminating the low-value product and by putting focus on the high-value products (Fracassi 2016). It has been found that the implementation of the financial strategies help to reduce the financing costs by decreasing the interest paid and also by accelerating the due payments. The mentioned financial strategies help the organization National Australia Bank to put focus on the trends of interest rates and the exchange rates. In addition to these, the financial strategies also guide the firm to prepare a strategic plan that helps to make plan regarding short-term and long-term investment depending on the financial situation of the organization (Hillier et al. 2014). Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that the firm National Australia Bank is in a relatively better financial and economical condition. The reason behind this is that the particular firm has a high market capitalization or market value. In addition to this, it has been found that the share price of the company is constantly increasing for over one year, thus it attracts more investors. Moreover, the debt to profit ratio is also relatively healthier in case of the firm National Australia Bank than the other organizations of the similar sector. It has been found that the organization has implemented various financial strategies for raising its funds in the present competitive market. However, the liabilities of the firm has increased with the passage of time, thus, it should reduce its total liability in order to run the organization successfully in future. References Bloomberg.com. 2016.NAB:ASE Stock Quote - National Australia Bank Ltd. [online] Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/NAB:AU [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Brealey, R.A., Myers, S.C., Allen, F. and Mohanty, P., 2012.Principles of corporate finance. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Capital.nab.com.au. 2016.Capital and Funding - The National Australia Bank Group - NABGroup home. [online] Available at: https://capital.nab.com.au/ [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Coles, J.L., Lemmon, M.L. and Meschke, J.F., 2012. Structural models and endogeneity in corporate finance: The link between managerial ownership and corporate performance.Journal of Financial Economics,103(1), pp.149-168. Damodaran, A., 2016.Damodaran on valuation: security analysis for investment and corporate finance(Vol. 324). John Wiley Sons. Flannery, M.J. and Hankins, K.W., 2013. Estimating dynamic panel models in corporate finance.Journal of Corporate Finance,19, pp.1-19. Fracassi, C., 2016. Corporate finance policies and social networks.Management Science. Hillier, D., Clacher, I., Ross, S., Westerfield, R. and Jordan, B., 2014.Fundamentals of Corporate Finance. McGraw Hill. In.finance.yahoo.com. 2016.NAB.AX Historical Prices | NAT. BANK FPO Stock - Yahoo! India Finance. [online] Available at: https://in.finance.yahoo.com/q/hp?s=NAB.AXa=08b=1c=2015d=08e=15f=2016g=m [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Markets.ft.com. 2016.National Australia Bank Ltd, NAB:ASX financials - FT.com. [online] Available at: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/financials?s=NAB:ASX [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Nab.com.au. 2016.Nab.com.au. [online] Available at: https://www.nab.com.au/content/dam/nabrwd/About-Us/shareholder%20centre/documents/annual-financial-report-2015.pdf [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Roberts, M.R. and Whited, T.M., 2012. Endogeneity in empirical corporate finance. Vernimmen, P., Quiry, P., Dallocchio, M., Le Fur, Y. and Salvi, A., 2014.Corporate finance: theory and practice. John Wiley Sons. Waegelein, J.F. and Finance, C., 2014. The Influence of Long-Term Performance Plans on Corporate Performance Investment.

No Se Essay Example

No Se Essay Explain all your answers using the Problem-Solving Technique 1. A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0. 07 m3 of nitrogen at 130 kPa and 120oC. The nitrogen is now expanded polytropically to a state of 100 kPa and 100oC. Determine the boundary work during this process. 2. A piston-cylinder device with a set of stops initially contains 0. 3 kg of steam at 1. 0 MPa and 400oC. The location of the stops corresponds to 60 percent of the initial volume. Now the steam is cooled. Determine the compression work if the final state is (a) 1. Mpa and 250 oC and (b) 500 kPa. (c) Also determine the temperature at the final state in part (b) 3. A frictionless piston-cylinder device initially contains 200L of saturated liquid refrigerant-134a. The piston is free to move, and its mass is such that it maintains a pressure of 900 kPa on the refrigerant. The refrigerant is now heated until its temperature rises to 70oC. Calculate the work done during this process. 4. A mass of 2. 4 kg of air at 1 50 kPa and 12oC is contained in a gas-tight, frictionless piston-cylinder device. The air is now compressed to a final pressure of 600 kPa. During the process, heat is transferred from the air such that the temperature inside the cylinder remains constant. Calculate the work input during this process. 5. Saturate water vapor at 200oC is isothermally condensed to a saturated liquid in a piston-cylinder device. Calculate the heat transfer and the work done during this process in kJ/kg. 6. An insulated piston-cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a constant pressure of 175 kPa. Water is stirred by a paddle wheel while a current of 8 A flows for 45 min through a resistor placed in the water. In one-half of the liquid is evaporated during this constant-pressure process and the paddle-wheel work amounts to 400 kJ, determine the voltage of the source. Also, show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to the saturation lines. 7. 1-kg of oxygen is heated from 25oC to 300oC. Determine the amount of heat transferred required when this is done during a (a) constant-volume process and (b) isobaric process. We will write a custom essay sample on No Se specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on No Se specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on No Se specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Overview of the Research Process for Business Students Essay Example

Overview of the Research Process for Business Students Essay What is Research? People undertake research in order to find things out in a systematic way, thereby increasing their knowledge (Jankowicz, 1995). â€Å"Systematic† suggests that research is based on logical relationships and not just beliefs (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2010). To â€Å"find things out† suggests there are a multiplicity of possible purposes for your research (Becker, 1998). It is therefore an activity which has to be finished at some point to be of use. The results of research really are all around us in everyday life. Politicians often justify their policy decisions on the basis of research; Newspapers report the findings of research companies. Documentary programmes tell us about research findings and advertisers may highlight the results of research to encourage consumers to buy a particular product or brand. The most difficult hurdle to overcome in doing research is not in learning the techniques or doing the actual work or even writing the report. The biggest obstacle, surprisingly, lies in figuring out what you want to know. Two problems are very common: choosing a topic which is too broad†¦ or â€Å"dressing up† a topic (Kane, 1987) Formulating and clarifying the research topic is the starting point of research (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2010; Smith and Dainty 1991). Most research originates from a general problem. Usually, the problem is broad enough that it could not be addressed in a single research study. We will write a custom essay sample on Overview of the Research Process for Business Students specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Overview of the Research Process for Business Students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Overview of the Research Process for Business Students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Consequently, the problem is narrowed into a more specific research question. A well-constructed research question is one described by Maylor and Blackmon (2005, p. 54) which â€Å"identifies the scope of the research and guides the plan of the project†. The research question is the central issue being addressed in the study and from this research objectives can be set. The table below sets out criteria to help devise useful research objectives. Criterion| Purpose| Transparency| The meaning of the research objective is clear and unambiguous| Specificity| The purpose of the research objective is clear and easily understood, as are the actions required to fulfil it| Relevancy| The research objective’s link to the research question and wider research project is clear| Interconnectivity| Taken together as a set, the research objectives illustrate the steps in the research process from its start to its conclusion, without leaving any gaps. In this way the research objectives form a coherent whole| Answerability| The intended outcome of the research objective is achievable. Where this relates to data, the nature of the data required will be clear or at least implied| Measurability| The intended product of the research objective will be evident when it has been achieved| Saunders (2012) Research Methods for Business Students, Table 2. 3 p. 44 Literature Review A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge on a particular topic. Its ultimate goal is to bring the reader up to date with current literature and forms the basis for another goal, such as justification for future research the area. Knowledge does not exist in a vacuum, and your work only has value in relation to other peoples† (Jankowicz, 2005). It seeks to describe, summarise, evaluate, and clarify/integrate the content of previous researches and assists in limiting the scope of inquiry while conveying the importance of studying a topic to readers. Literature sources available include Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. Primary data is ori ginal data that has been collected from the original source with a purpose in mind. Secondary sources are the subsequent publication of primary literature and tertiary sources (search tools) are designed to either help locate primary and secondary literature or to introduce a topic. Tertiary Indexes Databases Catalogues Encyclopaedias Dictionaries Bibliographies Citation Indexes Secondary Journals Books Newspapers Government Publications Primary Reports Theses Emails Company Reports Unpublished Manuscripts Some Government Publications Increasing time to publish Increasing level of detail Saunders (2012) Research Methods for Business Students Table 3. 3, p82 Primary versus Secondary Research Primary data has not been published and so is more reliable, authentic and objective. It has not been changed or altered by human beings therefore its validity is greater than secondary data however it is important to remember it can only be considered as reliable as the people who gathered it. Gathering data in this way is time consuming, and incurs a high cost. More resources tend to be required and it can result in inaccurate feedback. Secondary data is less valid but it is readily available and can be reused. It is cheaper and quicker to obtain in comparison to primary data. In some circumstances primary data does not exist and so one has to confine the research of secondary data. The Research Process Research is not neutral, but reflects a range of the researcher’s personal interests, values, abilities, assumptions aims and ambitions. â€Å"The research philosophy depends on the way you think about the development of knowledge† (Saunders et al. 2000, p. 84) Collis and Hussey (2003, p. 52) highlight two main research philosophies and detail that there can be overlap between the two and both positions may be identifiable in any research project. They are the positivistic and phenomenological. Positivistic approaches are founded on the belief that the study of human behaviour should be conducted in the same way as studies conducted in the natural sciences. Therefore seeking to identify measure and evaluate any phenomena and to provide a rational explanation for it. This approach attempts to establish casual links and relationships between the different elements (or variables) of the subject and relate them to a particular theory or practice. Phenomenological approaches however, approach research from the perspective of understanding behaviour from the participants’ own subjective frames of reference. Research methods are chosen, therefore, to try and describe, translate and explain and interpret events from the perspectives of the people who are the subject of the research. The following diagram describes the research process â€Å"onion† that supports the researcher to â€Å"depict the issues underlying the choice of data collection methods† (Saunders, 2012 Research Methods for Business Students, Fig 4. 1, p. 128) The layers of research represent the following aspects: * Research philosophy; * Research approach; * Research strategy/methodology; * Time horizons; and * Data collection methods Research Approach – Deductive or Inductive? It is the theory that decides what can be observed† Albert Einstein Bryan Bell (2007) state that the researcher will either use: 1) deductive in which a theory and hypothesis is developed and a strategy is designed to test the hypothesis, or 2) inductive approach will be used in which the data is collected and as the resu lt of data analysis theory and hypothesis are developed. However, Mason (2001, p. 181) supports the use of more than one research approach, â€Å"it is worth pointing out that most research strategies (approaches) in practice probably draw on a combination of these (inductive or deductive) approaches†. What is the difference between method and methodology? A method is a technique used for gathering evidence or the various ways in which proceeding in gathering information. Methodology is the underlying theory of how research does or should proceed, often influenced by discipline. Research Strategy The research strategy is of paramount important in setting the parameters and creating the credibility of any study. According to Collis and Hussey (2003, p. 55) research methodology refers to the overall approaches and perspectives to the research process as a whole and is concerned with the following main issues: Why you collected certain data; * What data you collected; * Where you collected it; * How you collected it; * How you analysed it The choice of research strategy is dependent on the research questions and objectives, the extent of existing knowledge, the amount of time and resources available and the philosophical foundations (Saunders et al. 2007). There are various research s trategies proposed by different authors including experiment, survey, case study, action research, grounded theory and ethnography. Experiment is a classical form of research which allows studying the effect of change, an independent variable can bring in another dependent variable (Hakim, 2000) * Survey is a methodology which is usually associated with the deductive approach and is mostly used in the situations where there is a need to collect the data from a large population in an economical manner (Saunder et al, 2007) * Case Study is defined as a â€Å"strategy for doing research which involves an empirical investigation of a particular contemporary phenomenon within its real life context using multiple sources of evidence† (Robson, 2000: 178) * Action Research is focused on finding a way to bring about a change in a controlled environment * Grounded theory is often thought of as the best example of inductive approach as the hypothesis is developed from the data generated by a series of observations (Glaser Strauss, 1967) * Ethnography is a research strategy which focuses on acquiring the social knowledge in order to understand the observed patterns of human activity (Hussey Hussey, 1997) Ethical Issues Ethical concerns may emerge at all stages of research. Saunders et al. (2007, p. 31) summarise the main issues to consider, although ethical issues surrounding these items are not always clear: * The rights of privacy of individuals * Voluntary nature of participation – and the rights of individuals to withdraw partially or completely from the process * Consent and possible deception of participants (Appendix ? ) * Maintenance of confidentiality of data provided by individuals or identifiable participants and their anonymity * Reactions of participants to the ways which researchers seek to collect data * Effects on participants of the way data is analysed and reported * Behaviour and objectivity of the researcher Reliability and Validity

Majority verdicts in Australia

Majority verdicts in Australia The role of the jury is to determine innocence or guilt of defendant based on the evidence given in court. The requirement 12 people must find the defendant guilty beyond reasonable doubt has existed in law since the 14th century. In the past 12 jurors had to reach a unanimous verdict which was often difficult to achieve because of rogue jurors. It was inefficient in terms of time and tax payer money. Majority verdicts have been debated extensively since the mid 1990s and there have been three private members bills introduced on the subjectOne of the problems induced by unanimity is that of hung trials. 8% of trials by jury end up hung and this inability to reach a verdict frustrates the administration of justice. Such trials cause emotional, financial and time costs and can end with no sense of closure for the victim.Another problem with unanimous verdicts is that of rogue jurors.VERDICT 16 dà ©cembre 2008 Teaser Vidà ©o

Essay on Periodic Trends

Essay on Periodic Trends Essay on Periodic Trends Questions: 1. A) Define atomic radius. Ans: The atomic radius of an element is its mean or typical distance from its nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons. 1. B) State and explain the trends in atomic radius for a period and a group. Ans: The trend for atomic radius for a period, in this case period 2, the radius decreases, because the number of orbitals is steady, but the increasing number of protons pulling on the same number of increasing electrons makes a ‘tighter’ attraction. The trend for atomic radius in a group, in this case group 1, is that the radius increases, as one step down the group adds a whole orbital. 2. A) Define density. Ans: Density is the ratio between mass and volume. 2. B) Compare the trends in density for period 2 and period 3. Ans: The trend in density for period 2 and period 3 is that the densities increase till group 3, drop at group 5, increases till group 7, and the densities decrease at group 8. 3. A) Define electronegativity and electron affinity. Ans: Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in the formation of an ionic bond. Electron affinity is the amount of energy that is released when an electron is gained whether it is heat or light. 3. B) State the trends in electronegativity for periods and groups. Ans: Electronegativity increases from left to right in a period, since the nuclear charge increases due to an increase in atomic number, except in noble gases, which are stable elements and have no need to attract other electrons. 3. C) Explain the trends in electron affinities for periods and groups. Ans: Electron affinities increases for periods if you move left to right because the number of protons in the nucleus increases which causes a

Resume Tips Part 2 Words and Phrases to Delete from Your Resume

Resume Tips Part 2 Words and Phrases to Delete from Your Resume This is one of my favorite resume tips. It will help you show employers exactly what you did and what you can do for them. Most of us are familiar with the concept of â€Å"power verbs† on a resume. We also have unlimited resources for finding and choosing power verbs, such as  this list organized by category from the University of Iowas Pomerantz Career Center. How many times have you heard, â€Å"Every bullet in a resume should start with a verb? Dozens at least, right? Then why are you starting your bullets with the phrase responsible for? Responsible is not a verb, no matter how many times it shows up on your resume. Furthermore, you can be â€Å"responsible for† something and not actually do it! Employers care about what you did. Employers (or their computer systems at least) also care about keywords. I promise you, â€Å"responsible† or â€Å"responsibility† will never show up in a list of sought-after keywords. Begin with a Power Verb Compare: a. Was responsible for submitting two sports-related blogs per month for publication on website. b. Submitted two sports-related blogs per month for publication on website. And compare: a. Responsible for raising $250,000 by recruiting staff to run door- to-door canvass reaching 200,000 people. b. Raised $250,000 by recruiting staff to run door-to-door canvass reaching 200,000 people. Version b in both cases is shorter and more powerful than version a. You might be there saying, â€Å"But I didn’t just do things, I was responsible for them!† If you had supervisory or managerial responsibilities, there are verbs for that. Some of them are: Supervised Developed Managed Ensured Handled Monitored Even if you had many significant responsibilities that are important to list on your resume, try including your responsibility in a bullet that also includes an achievement, along with the important keywords you see in the job description. And remember to start each bullet with a verb! Be responsible for the words you choose on your resume. I hope you found these resume tips useful. If you want professional assistance to craft a powerful resume, please contact us.

Anti Trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Anti Trust - Essay Example United States of America and State of Michigan V. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan On October 18, 2010, the Attorney General of US and state of Michigan brought civil anti-trust charges against Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (Blue Cross). Blue Cross is one of the biggest independent licensees of the Blue Shield Association (Robinson, 2003, p.102). Blue Cross is a non-profit organization that administers and provides health care reimbursements to over 4 million members in Michigan. It was alleged in the charges that Blue Cross used most favoured nation (MFN) clause in contracts with its member hospitals to enforce monopolistic advantages. The Attorney General defended that such MFN status will hurt competition by Reducing capability other health insurers’ to compete with Blue Cross The clause will also help Blue Cross to raises prices beyond fair value It will create an entry barrier for new entrants MFN status of Blue Cross will raise the health insurance prices in Michi gan Hence, from the above summary of charges of anti-trust against Blue Cross by FTC it can be said that Blue Cross’ MFN status with the hospitals of Michigan are likely to influence anti-competitive effects in the market (Tonn, 2011, pp.1-4). Anti-Trust in Health Care The purpose of anti-trust acts is to encourage a free market place which have competitive environment. These laws are aimed to protect public interest and restrict monopoly practices that adversely affect public in society. The main purpose of such anti-trust law is to encourage best possible allocation of scarce resources and services to public at lowest prices (Ladenburg, 2007, pp.33-35). The federal anti-trust law is based on the following three acts that prohibit all restrictive trade practices and conspiracies in contacts or agreements: The Sherman Act – Under Section 1 of the act, the rule applies to all agreements which may include restrictive trade practices, monopoly practices and boycott of oth er firms, conspiracy to fix price, separate market territories, harm competition and use of coercive tactics. The Federal trade Commission Act – Under Section 5 of the act, the law applies to all types of actions that use unfair advantages and methods of competition. The Clayton Act – Under Section 7 of the act, it prohibits any such merger and acquisition that has the potential to create a monopoly in the market or substantially reduce in the market. Recommendations to Management From the above discussion regarding the anti-trust act against Blue Cross and lessons learned, it can be said that Blue Cross obviously had the market power to its advantage via MFN clause in contract which will further influence sale of health insurance products and services in Michigan. Making such a contract is discouraged by FTC under the anti-trust act in health care organizations. This is because, from the charges and rebuttals charged by the Attorney General on Blue Cross, it is clear that contracts including ‘MFN’ (Most Favoured Nation) status will fall under the purview of the act because of its very nature to of creating anti-competitive environment. In addition, it is also important to note that the senior management must ensure contract or agreement regarding the

BUS 188 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

BUS 188 - Essay Example The process further stimulates plans to ensure prompt delivery of technologically improved products in order to deliver satisfaction to the consumers. At this point, Microsoft Inc. thrives as the industry’s most successful business entity in production of software applications that coincide with the prevailing market needs and lead to satisfaction by serving to the desired effect. Microsoft Dynamics and the â€Å"go-to-market† resolution is a precise approach to ensuring customer cohesion as the company focuses upon customer market segmentation in order to be certain of the production needs. Further, the company establishes on its various product category to ascertain on the mode of developing new products. However, laxity does not prevail thereafter as the company’s management intrigues into ascertaining different prices for its different product specifications and in accordance to the market variables. The company unleashed Microsoft, Fortune 500 as a new resol ution to ensuring that the company’s production line would produce a wider range of products including personal computers and mobile phones (Gross, Akaiwa, and Nordquist 45). Mainly, the company relates its performances into ensuring positive outcomes in its marketing and sales forecasts, and ascertaining that all services reflect to the needs of the consumer. Since Microsoft’s software products are the most reliable for use in personal computers, the company rests advantaged to competing at a broad perspective following the current venture in production of mobile phones and computer chips, for example, the windows phone. The strengths prevail that the company upholds importance of its products and focuses on developing its hardware devices in order to suppress the threat of counterfeiting and competition. The continuous update of the software programs inclines the company to luring the clientele group to the understanding that it is the most competent organization and aims at delivering value and satisfaction (Ward 48). Research and development play an important role in ensuring that the company engages on a continuous product development process which of lately led to the implementation of competitive windows products, for example, the continuous updates on windows software, the development of windows phone, and Xbox software among other products. The pricing approach for Microsoft products Microsoft Company’s marketing team ensures that the prices set for its products coincide with the technology used in the products. Therefore, its wide range of software products reflect on the use of different technological approaches thus; the prices established therein denote on the prevailing variations (Weiss 55). For instance, the Microsoft Windows 8 Pro sells in the global market at a price of $199.99 dollars whereas the previous innovation, the Microsoft Windows 7 Professional sells at $74.99. Further, research implements that Microsoft Office 2010 Professional sells at $254.99 in the global market (Gross, Akaiwa, a

Strategic Management CEO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic Management CEO - Essay Example It appears that the management believes in making strategic moves to be in the best position for long-term benefits. According to the article reviewed, Google's vision has been sketched out. This may be asserted because of some of the elements that the CEO of Google, Mr. Schmidt, highlighted. To go back to Mr. Schmidt's beginning with Google, he first of all said that there "wasn't much of an infrastructure". With only three basic individuals in the decision-making process, Mr. Schmidt asserts, "two people have to agree". After this, the third one has to be convinced or the third one may try and work his thoughts against the two that agree. Aside from decision-making that decides a number of things, Google's vision is to be prepared. This is why they consider the future and also consider reasons for an IPO, such as "either liquidity, venture returns, the ability to do acquisitions". However, Mr. Schmidt says that Google does not have any such "pressure", and so, they think about what they can do to finance newer projects of Google with lower risk. According to Mr. Schmidt, Google had one objective from day one, which was to "build a culture". Indeed, Google has achieved this over its period of existence. However, the job is not done yet, as there is a more that this company can do.

One of the Major EA Frameworks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

One of the Major EA Frameworks - Essay Example to the Zachman Framework is that the same composite issue or item can be explained for diverse reasons in diverse ways using diverse types of descriptions. These descriptions can be for instance textual or graphical (Goldberg, 2008). The Zachman Framework gives the thirty six essential categories for wholly describing everything; especially complex issues such as manufactured products like appliances, constructed structures like buildings and enterprises like the associations and all of its technologies, people and goals. The framework gives six diverse transformations of a theoretical thought, not growing in factors, but transforming from six diverse views. It permits diverse individuals to look at similar issues from diverse views. This sets a holistic perspective of the atmosphere, a vital capability illustrated in the framework design (Goldberg, 2008). In 2001, the Zachman Framework was employed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (USDVA). The required methodology in all aspects of the VA enterprises varied from data, business processes, location, technical, personnel and perspective requirements. At the beginning of the 21st century, the Department of Veterans Affairs planned to execute an architectural project fully based on the Zachman Framework. In 2001, this Framework was used as a reference replica to commence the enterprise architectural planning. Somewhere in between, the Veterans Affair Zachman Framework Portal was created. In addition, the Veterans Affair Framework Portal is still in use as a reference replica for instance in the determination of EA information collected from various businesses and project source documents (Donald 2008). The Zachman Framework has vastly been used as a means of providing structures for Information... This paper researches on Zachman Framework and explains its strengths and weaknesses. The researcher of this essay also includes the framework’s purpose, scope, principles, and the kinds of structures it uses, as appropriate to the framework. The essay also aims to include at least two examples of organizations that have used the framework and briefly discuss them. Views give the mechanism of obtaining information concerning the relationships that are vital in the architecture. Methods state the individuals who organize and gather information. They build the views in a means that helps guarantee the accuracy, integrity and completeness. Experience and training sustains the application of tools and use of varying methods. The Zachman Framework is an EA framework for enterprise architecture. It provides an official and greatly planned way of presenting and defining an enterprise. It has two dimensional sorting matrix based on the connection of six communication phrases. These ph rases are what, why, when, where, how and who with six rows with an agreement to rectify changes. The Zachman Framework is not a methodology. This is because it does not entail any specified process or method of collection, management, or using the data that it explains. This framework is named after its designer John Zachman, who developed the impression in the 80s at IBM. By applying the Zachman Framework to Service Oriented Architecture, the SO architect creates a framework for accepting the connection among the diverse elements of a successful SOA.

Article review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Review - Article Example Both the international comparative and German Cranfield surveys give a clear overview of the current human resource practices in German (Festing, 2012). German faces challenges such as recruitment due to a demographic change, which in addition to low unemployment rates led to inadequately qualified personnel. Hence, most major companies use active employer branding while smaller ones use selected employer branding practices with an aim of attracting candidates. German uses a formal selection of the workforce such as psychological or legal writing less often as compared to other countries. After a semistructured interview of applicants, the required number for the position are picked based on their curricula vitae (Festing, 2012). The elected body representing the interest of employees may be the cause of the lack of formal selection methods. The work council neglects the use of the devices. Although the German companies tend to show a consistency in the use of carefully local selection procedures based on work experience, educational training, and internship report. It clearly brings out the employment system in Germany (Festing, 2012). Most of the companies in German use extensive staff development and long-term career planning which include technical capability and functional proficiency as central values. It influences the retention of most employees resulting in a steady job security making dismissal very carefully. Because of the job security, the company wins most employees who work for many years. Regarding compensations, the amounts vary according to the individual monthly earnings. The wages and salaries of most of the German workers, however, results from tariff agreements from collective bargaining. In the international comparison of HR practices as per the Granfield network in 2011, most of financial participation and performance-related pay are frequently used in United States than in Germany. German mainly majors in the use